Boston: Bunker Hill, 17 June 1775

Massachusetts Committee of Safety Orders Troops to Occupy the Charleston Peninsula

Derived from German rifles brought to America by early settlers, the American version had longer barrels and smaller bores to make more efficient use of powder and increase accuracy. This iron-mounted rifle was made by gunsmith Thomas Tileston of Dorchester, Massachusetts, in 1773. Tileston, an active member of the pre-war “Sons of Liberty,” served in the Massachusetts militia from 1775 to 1778. This rifle is perhaps one of the earliest American long rifles manufactured in New England.

Derived from German rifles brought to America by early settlers, the American version had longer barrels and smaller bores to make more efficient use of powder and increase accuracy. This iron-mounted rifle was made by gunsmith Thomas Tileston of Dorchester, Massachusetts, in 1773. Tileston, an active member of the pre-war “Sons of Liberty,” served in the Massachusetts militia from 1775 to 1778. This rifle is perhaps one of the earliest American long rifles manufactured in New England.

The Miriam and Ira D. Wallach Division of Art, Prints and Photographs: Print Collection, The New York Public Library.

The Miriam and Ira D. Wallach Division of Art, Prints and Photographs: Print Collection, The New York Public Library. "A plan of the town and harbour of Boston and the country adjacent with the road from Boston to Concord" New York Public Library Digital Collections. Accessed February 25, 2025. https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/

Lionel Pincus and Princess Firyal Map Division, The New York Public Library.

Lionel Pincus and Princess Firyal Map Division, The New York Public Library. "Boston and the adjacent country with the stations of the British & provincial armies" New York Public Library Digital Collections. Accessed February 26, 2025. https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/

Robson, T. Plan of the town with the attack on Bunkers-Hill in the peninsula of Charlestown, the 17th. of June. [Newcastle upon Tyne Eng. Printed for T. Robson, 1778] Map. https://www.loc.gov/

Robson, T. Plan of the town with the attack on Bunkers-Hill in the peninsula of Charlestown, the 17th. of June. [Newcastle upon Tyne Eng. Printed for T. Robson, 1778] Map. https://www.loc.gov/

Page, Thomas Hyde, Sir. A plan of the town of Boston and its environs, with the lines, batteries, and incampments of the British and American armies. [1776] Map. https://www.loc.gov

Page, Thomas Hyde, Sir. A plan of the town of Boston and its environs, with the lines, batteries, and incampments of the British and American armies. [1776] Map. https://www.loc.gov

On 15 June 1775, Benjamin White, the chairman of the Massachusetts Committee of Safety, ordered Maj. Gen. Artemas Ward, commander of the Continental Army troops mustered outside of Boston, to occupy the Charleston peninsula just north of the city. Separated from Boston by a narrow channel of water, the peninsula contained the 110-foot high Bunker’s Hill and 62-foot high Breed’s Hill which offered excellent points of observation as well as positions of defense.

"“Wheras, it appears of importance to the safety of this colony that possession of the hill called Bunker’s Hill, in Charleston, be securely kept and defended; and also, some one hill or hills on Dorchester Neck be likewise secured; therefore, resolved, unanimously, that is be recommended to the council of war that the above mentioned Bunker’s Hill be maintained by sufficient forces being posted there; and as the particular situation of Dorchester Neck is unknown to this committee, they advise that the council of war take and pursue such steps, respecting the same, as to them shall appear to be for the security of this colony.”"

Benjamin White, Chairman, The Committee of Safety, to Maj. Gen. Aretmas Ward, 15 June 1775
Sources
  • Henry Steele Commager and Richard B. Morris (eds.), “The Spirit of Seventy-Six: The Story of the American Revolution as Told by Participants,” Vol. I (New York: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, 1958), pp. 121-122.